What is a functional behavior assessment (FBA)?

A functional behavior assessment (FBA) is a process designed to identify the underlying reasons or functions of specific behaviors in individuals, especially in the context of applied behavior analysis (ABA). By conducting an FBA, practitioners gather detailed information about a person's behavior, including the antecedents (what happens before the behavior) and the consequences (what happens after the behavior) that maintain or reinforce it.

The goal of this assessment is not only to understand why a behavior occurs but also to inform the development of effective intervention strategies tailored to the individual’s needs. This can involve modifying the environment, teaching alternative skills, or implementing specific behavior management strategies that aim to reduce challenging behaviors and promote positive outcomes.

The other choices focus on unrelated areas: measuring cognitive abilities, administering punishment for negative behaviors, and assessing academic performance, none of which pertain directly to the goals and processes involved in an FBA.